Tissue Transglutaminase Antibody, IgG

Understanding Tissue Transglutaminase Antibody, IgG in Your Lab Results

Tissue Transglutaminase Antibody, IgG, is a crucial biomarker often measured in blood tests to help diagnose celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder. This antibody targets an enzyme in the body that plays a role in the modification of proteins, and its presence can indicate an immune response to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye.

What is Tissue Transglutaminase Antibody, IgG?

Tissue Transglutaminase (tTG) is an enzyme that helps in the cross-linking of proteins. In individuals with celiac disease, the immune system mistakenly targets this enzyme, leading to inflammation and damage in the small intestine. The IgG form of the antibody is particularly useful in cases where the IgA form is deficient, which is common in some individuals with celiac disease. Testing for tTG IgG can provide a clearer picture of gluten sensitivity and help confirm a diagnosis.

Factors Influencing Tissue Transglutaminase Antibody Levels

Diet plays a significant role in influencing tTG antibody levels. Consuming gluten-containing foods can trigger an immune response in susceptible individuals, leading to elevated antibody levels. Conversely, adhering to a strict gluten-free diet can help reduce these levels over time. It's important to note that other factors, such as infections or autoimmune conditions, can also affect antibody levels, though these are less common.

Medical Conditions Associated with Abnormal Levels

Abnormal levels of tTG IgG antibodies are primarily associated with celiac disease. However, elevated levels can also be seen in other autoimmune disorders, such as Type 1 diabetes or autoimmune liver diseases. It's crucial to interpret these results in conjunction with other clinical findings and symptoms, as well as additional tests like an intestinal biopsy, to confirm a diagnosis of celiac disease.

Normal Ranges and What They Mean

The normal range for tTG IgG antibodies can vary slightly depending on the laboratory, but generally, a result below 20 units per milliliter (U/mL) is considered negative, indicating no significant immune response to gluten. A result above this threshold may suggest celiac disease or another related condition, warranting further investigation by a healthcare professional.

Understanding your lab results for Tissue Transglutaminase Antibody, IgG, can provide valuable insights into your health, particularly if you suspect gluten sensitivity or celiac disease. By working closely with your healthcare provider, you can interpret these results accurately and take appropriate steps to manage your health effectively.